Santa Fe, N.M. — The New Mexico Department of Health (NMDOH) has confirmed the state’s first human plague case of the year. A 43-year-old man from Valencia County was hospitalized and has since been released. Officials say the man had recently been camping in Rio Arriba County, where exposure to the disease may have occurred.
Plague is a bacterial illness typically transmitted to humans through the bites of infected fleas or direct contact with infected animals, including wildlife and pets. While rare, plague continues to circulate among rodent populations in the western United States.
Symptoms in humans include sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, weakness, and painful swelling of lymph nodes in the neck, armpit, or groin. Pets may also show signs such as fever, lethargy, and loss of appetite, with swelling under the jaw being a common symptom.
State Public Health Veterinarian Erin Phipps emphasized the seriousness of the disease, stating, “This case reminds us of the severe threat that can be posed by this ancient disease. It also emphasizes the need for heightened community awareness and for taking measures to prevent further spread.”
To reduce risk, NMDOH recommends the following precautions:
- Avoid contact with sick or dead rodents and rabbits, as well as their nests and burrows.
- Clear areas around your home where rodents may live, such as woodpiles, brush, and abandoned vehicles.
- Keep hay, wood, and compost piles away from your home.
- Use insect repellents containing DEET or permethrin when outdoors.
- Consult your veterinarian about safe flea control products for pets.
- Seek medical attention for unexplained, sudden fever or if pets show signs of illness.
- Do not leave pet food and water accessible to wildlife.
The last human plague case in New Mexico was reported in 2024 and resulted in a fatality. NMDOH continues to monitor zoonotic diseases and encourages residents to stay informed through its official website.
